Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
surgery; operation; procedure; skill with one's hands; sleight of hand
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to cure; to heal; to fix; to correct; to do over again; to replace
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
lie; fib; mistake; error; unwise move; bad decision
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
self-confidence; confidence (in oneself)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
life; life force; lifetime; lifespan; most important thing; foundation
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
brotherly love; fraternal love; sibling affection
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
recipe; prescription (medical); how-to guide (e.g. crafts)
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
at once; immediately; right now
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to believe; to believe in; to place trust in; to confide in; to have faith in
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
myself; yourself; I; me; you
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop