this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
spirit; mind; nature; disposition; motivation; intention
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
tightly (holding on); firmly; strongly (built); solidly; properly; well
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
suffering; distress; hardship; trial
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
inner part; inside; interior; depths (e.g. of a forest); back (of a house, drawer, etc.); bottom (e.g. of one's heart)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
(medical) doctor; physician
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Hiroshima (city, prefecture)
reserve; spare; preparation; preliminaries
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary
moving to a different location to start a new job; (proceeding to) new appointment
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
taking command of a corps in a battle; command exercised by the leader of a group
to take (trouble); to attend (to business); to command (army)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
First Sino-Japanese war (1894-1895)
outbreak of war; starting a war
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
great mountain; large mountain