indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report
opponent; rival; adversary; menace; danger; threat
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
bombarding; shelling; bombardment
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
to shoot (at); to attack; to defeat; to destroy
all present; all concerned; all of us
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
already; now; by this time; quick; early; fast
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
party; group; crew; company (of troops); corps; unit
structure; construction; posture (e.g. in martial arts); pose; readiness; determination
gun; wooden pole that wrestlers strike in practice; puffer fish
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?