Japan–US Treaty of Peace and Amity (March 31, 1854); Convention of Kanagawa; Kanagawa Treaty; unequal treaty signed between the United States and the Tokugawa shogunate that forced Japan to end its policy of national seclusion
as if (something untrue were actually true); like hell (e.g. "like hell I will")
according to ...; ... says
to be moderate of; to save; to curtail
dispersal; evacuation; removal; spreading out (troops); deployment
Sakuma Shouzan (1811-1864)
to relate; to narrate; to describe; to confer (a rank)
study subject; course of study; department (university, etc.)
day-by-day renewal; rapid progress
Takasugi Shinsaku (1839.9.27-1867.5.17)
perilous pass (on a route or journey); rough spot
foreign voyage; travelling overseas; travelling abroad
edible chrysanthemum (Glebionis coronaria); crown daisy; garland chrysanthemum
bamboo stick used to strike meditators into greater wakefulness (in Zen Buddhism); striking someone's wrist with one's index and middle finger
extreme foolishness; grave stupidity; big fool; damn idiot; utter fool
suspension bridge; viaduct; temporary bridge; mediation; go-between
without being able to help oneself; against one's will; compelling; pressing; irresistible
to inspect; to examine; to check; to elapse; to pass (time)
to harm; to hurt; to injure; to damage
military system; military organization; military organisation
exemplar; model; example; pattern
poetry party or competition; gathering of tanka poets
undergoing training; learning
to sharpen; to hone; to wash (rice); to scour; to polish
ordinary (esp. life or behavior); typical; conventional; standard; average
to divide (by); to remove; to exclude
Kaei era (1848.2.28-1854.11.27)
laughingstock; object of ridicule
imitation; copy; make-believe; doing something in a way that only superficially resembles the real thing
establishment; foundation
ten; 10; (arch.) book containing a collection of poems
to start rowing; to begin to row; to row out (e.g. to sea); to pull out; to start pedaling; to begin to pedal
inconsistency; discord; conflict; discrepancy; contradiction; failure
Genji (the character in the Genji Monogatari); the Minamoto family
one's in-laws (esp. a woman's in-laws)