Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one day; (on) a certain day
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
fine food; high-quality food; gourmet; epicure; gastronome
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competition in which there are several evenly matched participants; hotly contested game (match, market, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to live through; to survive
heroic; fierce; grand; sublime; magnificent
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
designation; specification; assignment; appointment; pointing at
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
Akechi Mitsuhide (1528-1582.7.2)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
mansion; palace; (arch.) nobleman; (arch.) noblewoman; (arch.) temporary residence
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
audience (with a superior, e.g. nobility)
preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving
to put in order; to arrange; to get ready; to prepare; to adjust; to regulate (e.g. rhythm, tune, one's breathing)
to be; to come; to go; to be (doing)
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
example; instance; precedent; custom; habit
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to obtain; to come into possession of; to get hold of; to get one's hands on
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh