Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
one day; (on) a certain day
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
Warring States period (of Japanese history, approx. 1467-1568); Sengoku period; Warring States period (of Chinese history, 403-221 BCE); era of vicious competition
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
fine food; high-quality food; gourmet; epicure; gastronome
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
country in civil war; country disarrayed by war; Warring States period (Japan, China); competition in which there are several evenly matched participants; hotly contested game (match, market, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to live through; to survive
heroic; fierce; grand; sublime; magnificent
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
Takeda Shingen (1521.12.1-1573.5.13)
seat; location (of a gathering, etc.); place; position; post
heir; successor; family estate; family fortune; headship of a family
to hand over; to transfer; to give up (e.g. one's seat); to give way; to yield; to concede
deceased; late; dead; departed
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to bring down (an animal, opponent, etc.); to kill; to shoot dead; to shoot down
Muromachi shogunate (1336-1573)
revival; restoration; resuscitation
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
having no choice but to ...; all one can do is ...; there's nothing to do except ...; having nothing but ...; there is only ...; having only ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till