war; fighting; fierce competition
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
most; highest; maximum; best; wonderful; finest
supreme command; high command
engine; agency; organisation; system; facility
Imperial General Headquarters (Japan)
staff officer; military staff; adviser; counselor; counsellor
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
planning; devising (a plan); drafting; drawing up
on the occasion of; at the time of
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(period of) a year; during an era
severe; harsh; hard; cruel; rigorous
detention (and use as forced labor) of Japanese prisoners of war in Siberia after World War II
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to pass; to elapse; to pass through; to go through; to experience; to go through
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
repatriation; return; (electrical) feedback
Kinki (region around Osaka, Kyoto, Nara)
joining a company; getting a job with a company; entering a company
at that time; in those days
Japan Defense Agency (became Ministry of Defense in January 2007)
next term; next period; next version; next release
accepting an order; receiving an order; orders received
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
desperately; for one's dear life
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
major contender; strong (leading) candidate; front runner
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to recommend; to endorse (e.g. a candidate); to infer (from); to deduce; to think (something) through; to ponder deeply
company; association; regional Chinese god of the earth (or a village built in its honour); counter for companies, shrines, etc.
Formula One (form of motor racing); F1
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question