war; fighting; fierce competition
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
most; highest; maximum; best; wonderful; finest
supreme command; high command
engine; agency; organisation; system; facility
Imperial General Headquarters (Japan)
staff officer; military staff; adviser; counselor; counsellor
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
tactics; strategy; military operation; naval operation
planning; devising (a plan); drafting; drawing up
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
(logical) true; regular; 10^40; ten thousand undecillion; original; positive
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
restriction; restraint; binding; constraint
end of war; cessation of hostilities
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
coincident with; while; simultaneously
Siberia; cake made with layers of sweet bean paste and sponge cake
to send (a thing); to dispatch; to take or escort (a person somewhere); to see off (a person); to bid farewell (to the departed); to bury; to spend (time)
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
heavy labor; heavy labour; hard work; hard labor (in prison); hard labour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to loiter; to putter; to prowl; to wander about; to roam about; to knock around
though; notwithstanding; although
(period of) a year; during an era
detention (and use as forced labor) of Japanese prisoners of war in Siberia after World War II
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
to live through; to survive
repatriation; return; (electrical) feedback
rising; developing; emergent; burgeoning; new
Kinki (region around Osaka, Kyoto, Nara)
military personnel; soldier
period; epoch; the times; those days; oldness; ancientness
title (e.g. Doctor, Professor, Lord); job title; position (in a company); degree; status; rank
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
use; utilization; utilisation; application