this world; this life; world of the living
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to move; to shift; to inspire; to rouse; to change; to alter; to operate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
financial world; business circles
top; top position; senior management; senior bureaucrat
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
clicking one's tongue; tut-tut; smacking one's lips (with relish)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to strike against; to collide with; to encounter; to meet; to clash
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
oops; that's enough (when pouring up alcohol, etc.)
I'm sorry; my apologies; excuse me; pardon me
not a chance; not likely; oh no; yuck; fault; defect
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
that's enough!; cut it out!; get a life!
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
first-person plural (or singular); second or third person plural (implies speaker is of higher status than those referred to)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
stage assistant dressed in black (in kabuki); stagehand; prompter; behind-the-scenes supporter; string-puller
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn