drop (e.g. of water); drip
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
consequence; outcome; result; blame
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
curry (esp. Japanese curry); rice and curry
saucepan; pot; stew; hot pot
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
minuscule amount; extremely small quantity
continuation; persisting; lasting; sustaining; enduring
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
button (clothing); push-button
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
honorific/polite/humble prefix
medicine; pharmaceuticals; efficacious chemical (gunpowder, pesticide, etc.); (pottery) glaze; (illegal) drug; narcotic
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
pain; ache; soreness; damage; injury; wear
to soften; to calm down; to be eased; to be mitigated; to subside; to abate
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
how (beautiful, etc.); what a ...; nothing worth mentioning; nothing special; of what name
name; given name; first name
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
bento; Japanese box lunch
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
how; in what way; how about
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
from now on; after this; in the future; from here; from this point