sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
dangerous; risky; in danger; in jeopardy; uncertain; unreliable
adds force or indicates command
scaffold; scaffolding; foothold; footing; foothold (e.g. in business); foundation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be careful; to pay attention; to take care
sacred tree; support pillars of the traditional fire festival bonfires
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
huff!; yo-heave-ho!; heigh-ho; to butter up; to suck up to
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
there; over there; genitals; private parts; that far; that much
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
surplus; margin; leeway; composure; placidity; complacency
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to exert oneself and win; to gain (victory)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
every day; daily; day after day; days (e.g. good old days)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
all present; all concerned; all of us
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
escape; flight; breakout; fleeing; desertion
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound