China; Chūgoku region (western part of Honshu comprising the prefectures of Okayama, Hiroshima, Yamaguchi, Tottori and Shimane); central part of a country; main region; province of the second lowest rank (ritsuryō system)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to pinch and crush; to pinch out
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to bring to (someone's attention); to appeal to (reason, emotions, etc.); to work on (one's emotions); to complain; to sue (a person)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
western mountains; mountains to the west; Nishiyama (western area of Kyoto)
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
two times; twice; two degrees
he; she; that guy; that; that one; that thing
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
including (all of); -wide (e.g. company-wide); with (everyone); (concerning) the entirety of; all of
association; socializing; socialising; fellowship
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
trial; judgement; judgment
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
fletcher; arrow maker; fletching; arrow-making
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
remainder of one's life; one's remaining days; time left (to live)
a little; a few; small; only; just; merely
to lose one's way; to get lost; to waver; to hesitate; to be captivated (by); to be infatuated (with)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be obsessive (about); to be overly concerned (with); to be particular (about); to pay special attention (to); to get stuck; to be obstructed
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she