when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
pontoon bridge; floating bridge; bridge (of a ship)
school; proof (of a book, document, etc.); counter for proofs
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
taking an examination (esp. school and university entrance)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
cram school; part-time school preparing students for entrance examinations
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to change; to alter; to transform; to reform; to revise; to amend
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
until now; so far; up to the present
to be silent; to say nothing
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
to win and advance to the next round
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
to excel at; to be proficient at; to grow old; to ripen; to rise high (e.g. the sun)
one's company; company one works for; in-house; belonging to the company
multi-floor building; multi-storey building; bill
establishing; founding; setting up; organizing; establishment
change in a bus route; change in policy; policy change (reversal)
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
recognition; acknowledgement; acknowledgment; approval; consent; agreement