time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Kansei era (1789.1.25-1801.2.5)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
charge; cost; generation; age; era; a representative of; on behalf of
Tokugawa Ienari (1773.11.18-1841.2.20), Shougun 1786-1837
public affair; government matter; duke; prince; Sir; Lord
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
beside a nobleman; close aid (of a nobleman, etc.); place where a high ranking person resides; one's own city (of a shogun, lord, etc.); place under one's direct control; one's own turf
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
god; deity; god-tier; incredible; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh
since some time ago; for some time; for quite a while
indeed; really; very; extremely; absolutely; certainly
easy; easygoing; carefree; happy-go-lucky; optimistic; leisurely
appearing that; seeming that; looking like; having the appearance of
face; visage; look; (facial) expression; honor (honour); face; influence
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
for generations; from generation to generation; generation after generation; through the ages
senior town administrator (Edo period)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to serve as; to act as; to fill (the position of); to play the role of; to be in charge of; to hold (a position)
son and heir; son who will succeed one
son (of others); boy; young master; young man innocent of the ways of the world; man of pampered upbringing; greenhorn (from a well-off family)
year; age; years; past one's prime; old age
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
father; father (e.g. of a discipline); pioneer (e.g. of field of research); God; Father
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
pride (in one's achievements, possessions, etc.); self-praise; boast
workmanship; craftsmanship; grades; results; quality (e.g. of a crop); dealings
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing