Kansei era (1789.1.25-1801.2.5)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
honorific/polite/humble prefix
samurai; warrior; military family
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
congratulations; felicitations; best wishes; longevity; long life
drawing; painting; picture
as a child; when one was a child; childhood
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to yearn for; to long for; to follow (someone); to idolize (for virtue, learning, status, etc.)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
visiting ill or distressed people; writing get-well letters; get-well gifts; get-well letters; expression of sympathy; expression of concern
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
calm; quiet; gentle; moderate; reasonable; amicable
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
illness; disease; bad habit; weakness; fault
pain; anguish; distress; suffering; hardship
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly