Kansei era (1789.1.25-1801.2.5)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
Edo (shogunate capital; former name of Tokyo); Yedo
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
busy place; busy street; place that's always bustling with people; amusement quarters
both countries; Ryōgoku (area of Tokyo)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
senior town administrator (Edo period)
son and heir; son who will succeed one
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
something; some kind of; for some reason
dog (Canis (lupus) familiaris); canine; squealer; rat; loser; asshole
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hold in one's arms; to carry in one's arms; to have (problems, debts, etc.); to take on (a responsibility); to employ; to have (on one's staff)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
Japanese chin (dog breed); Japanese spaniel
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
lovely; sweet; pretty; cute; adorable
what kind of; what sort of; what
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
story; tale; talk; discussion
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to go upstream; to go up (a river); to go back (to the past or origin); to date back (to); to trace back (to)
a particular; a certain; that kind of; such a
honorific/polite/humble prefix
samurai family; samurai class; samurai stock; samurai; warrior
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
daughter; girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)