indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
perfect; complete; flawless
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to use (a brush, chopsticks, etc.); to move
reversal (of a situation); turnaround; turnabout; reversal (of direction of rotation)
stronghold; inner citadel; base; headquarters
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
first match (in a series)
to drop; to lose; to clean off (dirt, makeup, paint, etc.); to remove (e.g. stains or facial hair); to lose (a match); to reject (an applicant); to lower (e.g. shoulders or voice)
the art of war; martial arts; military force; the sword; (arch.) valor; (arch.) bravery
consecutive defeats; series of defeats
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to pass (of time); to elapse
child one is expecting; child in one's womb
squirrel's foot fern (Davallia mariesii); Lepisorus thunbergianus (species of fern); color of clothing layers under one's overcoat (light green on blue); shinobu-wake (Edo-period women's hairstyle); clothing patterned using squirrel's foot fern
naming; christening; fiance; fiancee
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
to live (on, by, etc.); to lead a life; to make a living; to earn a livelihood; to spend one's time (doing); to pass one's days (doing)
hello (e.g. on phone); excuse me! (when calling out to someone)
mother; mom; wife; you (of an elderly person older than the speaker); she
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
morning sickness; nausea and vomiting of pregnancy
state (of affairs); situation; appearance; look(s); sign; indication
how; in what way; how about
jingisukan; dish of mutton or lamb grilled with vegetables at the table on a domed grill; slotted dome cast iron grill (used for jingisukan)
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
anyway; anyhow; setting aside ...; regardless of ...; really; truly