indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to calm down; to compose oneself; to calm down; to settle down; to settle down (in a location, job, etc.); to settle in; to be settled (of an arrangement, conclusion, etc.)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
knock; knocking; fungo hitting; hitting balls for fielding practice; tap; click (e.g. of a retractable pen or mechanical pencil)
material; materials; data; information; documents
to bring (something); to take along; to fetch; to get
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
two persons; two people; pair; couple
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
commercial (on radio, TV, etc.); advertisement; construction management; contract manufacturer; customer management; court martial
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
character; personality; (fictional) character; character
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
3rd day of the month; three days
company president; manager; director
to surround; to encircle; to besiege; to lay siege to; to play (go, shogi, etc.)
party (social gathering); party (group of people participating in an activity, esp. mountain climbing); (political) party
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
every year; yearly; annually
many; much; majority (of); greater part (of); mostly; mainly
(TV or radio) entertainer; television personality; talent; skill; talent (ancient unit of weight and currency)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
model; dummy; model (profession); fashion model; model (of a vehicle, machine, etc.); version; model (e.g. mathematical)
to gather; to collect; to assemble
one's own discretion (idea, responsibility)