employee (of a store); shop assistant; clerk; salesperson
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
yen (Japanese monetary unit); circle
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
study; diligence; discount; reduction
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
part-time lecturer; contract teacher
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
single word; a few words; brief comment
clearing one's throat; cough
mottled spinefoot (Siganus fuscescens, species of Western Pacific rabbitfish); dusky rabbitfish; sandy spinefoot
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to ask; to inquire; to blame (someone) for; to accuse of; to care about; to regard as important
to burn; to roast; to broil; to heat; to heat up; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.); to bake
to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
shop; store; somebody who sells (something) or works as (something); somebody with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
Japanese apricot (Prunus mume); Japanese plum; ume; lowest (of a three-tier ranking system)