the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
when; at what time; how soon; normal times; ordinary days
to visit; to call on; to arrive (of a season, situation, etc.); to come; to appear
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
if; in case; supposing; worst (case); unexpected (occurence); unforeseen
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to start to move; to get going; to come alive
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to fight against; to oppose; to face
having no choice but to ...; all one can do is ...; there's nothing to do except ...; having nothing but ...; there is only ...; having only ...
waitress (in a ryokan or traditional restaurant); hostess
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
to groan; to moan; to roar; to howl; to hum (engine, wind, etc.); to buzz; to ooh and aah (in admiration)
inviting another to one's home, office, etc.; (lit.) the trouble of coming (going)
to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)
to change; to alter; to reform; to correct; to examine; to check
to say; to be called; to do
your house; your home; your husband; your organization; you
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
various; a variety of; variously; in various ways; various things; this and that
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
directly; in person; firsthand
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
greeting; a fine thing to say