the person in question; prominent figure; distinguished person; that person
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); province (of Japan)
to rot; to go bad; to corrode; to weather; to become useless; to blunt; to become depraved
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
pride; boast; credit (to)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to throw away; to cast away; to abandon; to desert; to give up; to resign
duty; responsibility (incl. supervision of staff); liability; onus
abandonment; renouncement; renunciation; resignation; abdication; surrender
before one's eyes; under one's nose; immediate (e.g. interests); present; foresight; near future
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
profit; gains; benefit; advantage; grace (of God, Buddha, etc., esp. as attained through rightful actions, prayer, adherence to one's faith, etc.); blessing
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
soul; spirit; willpower; vitality; something as important as one's own life; something invaluable
to lose; to miss (a chance, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
great (quantity, amount, etc.); huge; enormous; serious
trouble; bother; annoyance
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
really; truly; very; extremely; exceedingly; sincerely
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to break; to destroy; to wreck; to ruin; to break (a bill, etc.)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
street; road; traffic; coming and going; flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; transmission (of sound)
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
going public (with a matter); becoming public knowledge; recourse to litigation; taking (a matter) to court
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
bomb; alcohol with liquor added (esp. wine-based shōchū highball, also beer with whiskey)