indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
principal occupation; core business
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
Ebisu; god of fishing and commerce
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
program (e.g. TV); programme
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
food; foodstuff; eating; appetite; meal; portion
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
all; everything; entirety; absolutely (not); (not) at all; (none) whatsoever
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
Ebisu Yoshikazu (1947.10-)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
past; after; too (much); over- (e.g. eating)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
reading in a monotone; reading a Chinese classical text without translating it into Japanese
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
than; from; out of; except; but; more
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
of no interest; not interested
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?