indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
Okinawa (city, prefecture)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
(some) more; even more; longer; further
stimulus; impetus; incentive; encouragement; motivation; provocation
wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
porcelain bowl; donburi; bowl of meat, fish, etc. served over rice
(committee) chairman; president
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
all; completely; totally; entirely; thoroughly
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
white stone; white (go pieces)
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
seriousness; earnestness; truth; sanctity
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo