indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
seedling; young plant; rice seedling
sorry; excuse me; thank you
coriander (Coriandrum sativum); cilantro; dhania; Chinese parsley
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
perhaps; possibly; maybe; if; in case; in the event that
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
kana; Japanese syllabary (i.e. hiragana, katakana)
to steal; to plagiarize; to steal (a technique, idea, etc.); to do stealthily; to do during scant time; to steal a base
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
basket (shopping, etc.); hamper; cage
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
large amount of money; great cost
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
on the way; en route; in the middle of; midway; halfway
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
with a clash; with a thud; unexpectedly (meeting someone); suddenly (ending); abruptly (coming to a halt)
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
then; and then; and; if so; because then; if that's the case
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
police; police officer; police station
surrender (to the authorities); giving oneself up; turning oneself in
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
that is to say; so that means
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
recollection; retrospection; reflection; reminiscence
thief; burglar; robber; theft; burglary; robbery