indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
white; innocence; innocent person; blank space; white go stone; white dragon tile; skewered grilled pig intestine
Yue (kingdom in ancient China; 6th C-334 BCE); Vietnam
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
honorific/polite/humble prefix
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
tea; tea plant (Camellia sinensis); tea preparation; making tea; brown; (arch.) mockery
Island; insula; island; islet
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
president (of a society); chairman
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
please (give me); please (do for me)
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
serious; not joking; straight
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
udon; thick Japanese wheat noodles
closing up shop (for the day); stopping business; going out of business