indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
cheerleading; pom dance routine within cheerleading
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to persevere; to persist; to insist that; to stick to (one's opinion); to remain in a place; to stick to one's post
new leaves; young leaves; fresh verdure
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
older sister; lass; young lady
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
adviser; advisor; consultant
in that way; thus; so; so?
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
to dance (orig. a hopping dance)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker