jpdb beta

cruelty; hard-heartedness

1

if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question

22

Japan

1

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

50

to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?

3

to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

7

to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

46

however

1

to love

2

same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case

2

it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?

5

um; er; nuh-uh; no; oof

4

to receive; to get; to eat; to drink; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head)

1

finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little

1

to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)

1

newly-married life

1

both (people)

1

on good terms with; on cordial terms with; getting along well with; to make friends with; to be good friends with; to get along with

1

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

13

that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you

12

I; me

2

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

70

seems; I guess

1

no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all

3

evening; night; dinner

2

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

66

to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back

9

true beauty

21

to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use

5

all; entire; whole; altogether

2

explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend

2

so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already

11

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become

8

wanted; wished for; in need of; I want (you) to

2

medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)

2

bowl; pot; flowerpot; crown; brainpan

1

really; truly; indeed; good grief

1

distinction; difference; separate; different; exception; exclusion

1

the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous

1

existence; being

1

how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way

2

to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted

2

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

20

indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very

15

to remove; to deinstall; to take away; to set apart

1

should; must; -able; probably; likely

3

indicates question

4

to get back; to regain; to recover; to make up (for); to catch up on

1

what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any

2