indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
truth; reality; sincerity; honesty; content; substance
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
president (of a society); chairman
what kind of; what sort of; what
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
adultery; impropriety; (an) affair; immorality
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
(financial) settlement; squaring accounts; liquidation; ending (a relationship); breaking up (with)
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young woman; young (animal); offshoot
like; similar to; as with; in the same way
to be affectionate to; to treat tenderly; to show favouritism to; to be partial to; to fondle; to caress
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to play (a stringed or keyboard instrument)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to recall; to remember; to recollect
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to forget; to leave carelessly; to be forgetful of; to forget about; to forget (an article)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
it seems that ...; it appears that ...; is like ...; is similar to ...
to be convinced (that); to be under the impression (that); to make up one's mind; to set one's heart on; to be obsessed (with a thought, idea, etc.); to think about obsessively
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to spend (time); to pass; to overdo (esp. alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); to take care of; to support
one's youth; early life; one's early days; one's early years
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
guest; visitor; customer; client; shopper