teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to look down on (someone); to make fun of; to put down; to treat with contempt; to underestimate
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
(common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general)
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at once; immediately; right now
sewing together; stitching up (a wound); suture
had better ...; had better not ...
surgery; operation; procedure; skill with one's hands; sleight of hand
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
light; lamp; counter for electric lights
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
explosion; rupture; break off
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
centimeter; centimetre; centi-; 10^-2; sentimental
now; the present time; just now; another; more
funny; amusing; strange; odd; improper; unsuitable
state of affairs (around you); situation; circumstances
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to descend (e.g. a mountain); to go down; to alight (e.g. from bus); to get off; to step down; to retire; to be granted
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
(medical) doctor; physician