indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
cry (e.g. of a baby); sob; whine; tearful voice; weepy voice
relay; hook-up; relay broadcasting
voice; speech; phone (as opposed to a phoneme); speech sound; audio; sound (as opposed to the picture)
yikes!; eek!; ook; eek; customer
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
term; period; time frame; time limit; deadline; cutoff (date)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
3rd day of the month; three days
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
luggage; baggage; burden; payload (of a packet, cell, etc.)
to take out; to produce; to pick out; to fetch; to retrieve
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
interval; period of time; among; between; good opportunity; chance
charge; custody; safekeeping; deposit; storage
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
key; lock; key (to a problem, success, etc.); clue
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
exchange; interchange; switching; reciprocity; barter; substitution
to ferry across (e.g. a river); to carry across; to lay across; to build across; to hand over; to hand in
excess; surplus; exceeding (a limit, estimate, etc.); going over
to receive; to take; to get someone to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to lose (something); to get rid of; to eliminate; to remove
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
locker; rocker; rock'n'roller
to tear; to rip; to break through (cordon, opponent's defense, etc.); to breach; to defeat; to beat; to break (e.g. silence)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
senior high school student
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively; extreme