indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill (a human) using a blade (sword, machete, knife, etc.); to slice (off); to lop (off); to cut (off)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
secret communication (with the enemy); collusion; betrayal; adultery; (extramarital) affair
grounds; charge; suspicion
at; in; at; when; by; with
capital crime; crime resulting in a death penalty
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed; to (have the audacity to) do
feudal lord; (arch.) mansion; (arch.) palace
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to dispel; to clear away; to accomplish a goal; (arch.) to make it sunny; (arch.) to make clouds disappear
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
Mr; Mrs; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
all present; all concerned; all of us
youth; child (esp. of the young son of someone of high social standing); young; new
young; youthful; immature; green; low (number); small
why; how; for what reason
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
foster mother; adoptive mother
to be; to come; to go; to be (doing)
courtesy call; courtesy visit
to go; to come; to lose; to be defeated; to be stumped (by); to be at a loss; to visit (a shrine, grave, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
in the middle of something; busy with something; in commotion as a result of something untoward happening; currently importing or capturing data
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
rebellion; revolt; insurrection; treason
doubt; question; uncertainty; skepticism; scepticism; suspicion
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
after this; from now on; hereafter; thereafter; since (then); after