today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
than; from; out of; except; but; more
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to give one's name (as); to introduce oneself (as); to claim to be; to call oneself; to reveal oneself (as); to admit to being
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to permit; to allow; to forgive; to pardon; to exempt (someone) from; to remit; to acknowledge
success in life; getting ahead; successful career; promotion; climbing the corporate ladder; eminence
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to step forward; to take a step forward; to start on a project, etc.; to take the first step with
former (e.g. name); previous; changed; examination; inspection; investigation
zori; traditional Japanese thonged sandals
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
to instruct; to tell to do; to ask to do; to order
rotting; spoiling; decaying; rotten; worthless; paltry
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
future; prospects; outlook; journey ahead; distance yet to cover
full of troubles, difficulties
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
face; mask; face guard; (in kendo) striking the head; surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this occasion; at this time; now
under the orders of; by order (command)
inside of a castle; area surrounded by castle walls
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to collect; to put (it all) together; to summarize; to aggregate; to bring to a conclusion; to finalize
to look after; to take care of; to be put in charge of; to be given responsibility for; to withhold (an announcement); to reserve (judgment)
to prepare; to provide; to set up; to establish; to organize
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
smallness; small item; short month (i.e. having fewer than 31 days); elementary school; smaller (of two things, places, etc. with the same name); inferior; younger (of two people with the same name)
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
to say; to be called; to do
to succeed; to relieve; to take the place of; to substitute for; to be exchanged; to change (places with)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
footwear; footgear; shoes