Hanako-san (ghost rumoured to haunt school toilet stalls)
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
entrance; front door; entryway; entranceway; entry hall; vestibule
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
older brother; elder brother
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
character (esp. kanji); letter; handwriting; penmanship; the ... word (e.g. "the L word" = "love")
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera); Indian lotus; lotus; rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
how do you do?; nice to meet you; adieu; farewell; bon voyage
farewell; adieu; goodbye; so long
law (esp. ancient East Asian criminal code); regulation; vinaya (rules for the monastic community); Ritsu (school of Buddhism); lüshi (style of Chinese poem); (musical) pitch; six odd-numbered notes of the ancient chromatic scale
viewer; (television) audience
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
question; inquiry; enquiry
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
program (e.g. TV); programme
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to stop (an activity); to cease; to discontinue; to cancel; to abandon; to give up
had better ...; had better not ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
how; in what way; how about
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
salted salmon; fish wrapped in (bamboo) leaves
suffix for familiar person
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
in that way; thus; so; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary