a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
elder brother; big brother; one's senior; one's elder; old ingredients; stale ingredients
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to give up; to abandon (hope, plans); to resign oneself (to)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
promise; agreement; appointment; engagement; convention; rule
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
top; summit; twelve o'clock (usu. midnight); top of one's head; top of a helmet
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to be seen; to be visible; to look; to seem; to come
scenery; scene; landscape
to take (a photograph); to record (audio or video); to film; to shoot
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
(apparently) that's what it's like, isn't it; that sort of (thing mentioned immediately prior)
like; similar to; something like ...; someone like ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...
source (of a river); fountainhead; source; origin; root
you; buddy; pal; monarch; ruler; sovereign
one's father; one's old man; middle-aged (or older) man; old man; one's boss; proprietor (of a restaurant, store, etc.)
what!; oh; what the heck; what the; damn
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to put one's life on the line
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
(meeting with) disaster; (having an) accident; mishap; shipwreck; distress
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop