establishment; founding; organization; organisation
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
school with a high proportion of graduates accepted into high-ranking universities; school focused on preparing students to get into high-ranking universities; school with a high proportion of graduates who go on to university or junior college
road; path; way; set of practices; moral education; Buddhist teachings; Taoism
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
educational institution; school; academy; campus
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
passing (an exam); pass; success; meeting (specifications, standards, etc.); passing (inspection); qualification
to pass (the night); to spend; to reveal; to divulge; to prove; to verify
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
academic year; school year; year in school; grade in school
results; record; grades; marks
first place; first rank; units position (of a number)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
participation; joining; entry
department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; club (at a school, university, etc.); team; part; portion
existence; being; presence
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to prepare; to provide; to set up; to establish; to organize
story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend
introduction; presentation; referral; showcase (of a product)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
management; administration; operation; running (a business); conducting
(present) head of a family
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
on good terms (with); on friendly terms (with); (getting along) well; in harmony; happily; peacefully
to have the privilege of doing
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)