road; path; way; set of practices; moral education; Buddhist teachings; Taoism
cram school; private tutoring school; juku
department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; club (at a school, university, etc.); team; part; portion
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
continuance; survival; persistence; retention; duration
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
number (in a series); (one's) turn; watch; guard; rank; standing; bout
victory or defeat; match; contest; game
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to challenge to (a fight, game, etc.); to throw down the gauntlet; to tackle (e.g. a problem); to attempt; to pressure (someone) for sex; to make advances to
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
victory; triumph; win; conquest; success
spicy; hot; salty; harsh (criticism); severe (punishment); painful
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to finish; to complete; to finish doing; to be past its (one's) prime
together; jointly; at the same time; with; both
prefix for forming ordinal numbers
victory or defeat; outcome (of a game, battle, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be decided; to be settled; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.)
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
end; conclusion; last; final; once ...; the moment ... (, that's it)
decisive battle; deciding match; play-off
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style; one Buddhist image
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
it seems that ...; it appears that ...; is like ...; is similar to ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
last; final; closing; last train (bus, flight, etc.; of the day)