great depth; bottomless; great height
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
child one is expecting; child in one's womb
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
India; cotton sheeting; foreign; imported; ultra-spicy; extra hot
pivot; vital point; cornerstone; Japanese photinia
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
potentiality; likelihood; possibility; availability
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to keep within limits (e.g. spending); to restrain (e.g. emotions); to control; to hold back (e.g. an enemy); to check; to curb
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
testimony; (verbal) evidence
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
fall; tumble; spill; degradation; comedown; demotion
accident; incident; trouble; circumstances; reasons
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
brightness; discernment; insight; eyesight; vision; nth year in the Meiji era (1868.9.8-1912.7.30)
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
supposing; even if; granting that; temporarily; provisionally; for the time being
in that way; thus; so; so?
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...