indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
science (inc. mathematics, medicine, etc.); natural science; science department (university); science course; science (as a school subject)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
in that way; thus; so; so?
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
papa; dad; daddy; sugar daddy
myself; yourself; I; me; you
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
something like ...; things like ...; someone like ...; the likes of ...