large circle;  great circle
 indicates possessive;  nominalizes verbs and adjectives;  substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases;  (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion;  (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis;  (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
 indicates sentence topic;  indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated);  adds emphasis
 appearing that;  seeming that;  looking like;  having the appearance of
 very;  greatly;  immense;  enormous;  serious;  grave
 indicates sentence subject (occasionally object);  indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions);  but;  however;  regardless of;  whether (or not)
 to be caught;  to be arrested;  to hold on to;  to grasp;  to find (e.g. proof);  to get (e.g. a taxi)
 at;  in;  at;  when;  by;  with;  and then
 nonexistent;  not being (there);  unowned;  not had;  unique;  not;  impossible
 seems;  I think;  I guess;  don't you agree?;  I thought you'd say that!
 don't;  do;  hey;  listen;  now, ...;  well, ...
 that;  it;  then;  that point (in time); (arch.)  there; (arch.)  you
 if so;  if it be so;  in that case;  then
 to ask;  to enquire;  to inquire;  to search;  to look for;  to look into
 (social) standing;  status;  identity;  birth;  one's circumstances;  one's means
 if;  when;  and;  with;  used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.);  promoted pawn;  indicates a question
 surname;  family name;  hereditary title (used in ancient Japan to denote rank and political standing)
 disciple;  pupil;  follower
 year;  counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school);  period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
 dwelling;  house;  residence;  living;  life
 Mahayana (Buddhism);  the Great Vehicle;  large passenger vehicle
 study;  pursuit of knowledge
 hostel;  dormitory; (arch.)  bureau (government department beneath a ministry under the ritsuryo system); (arch.)  tea-ceremony room; (arch.)  villa
 at (place, time);  in;  to (direction, state);  toward;  for (purpose);  because of (reason);  for
 to be (animate);  to be;  to be ..ing;  to (have the audacity to) do
 red;  crimson;  red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange);  Red (i.e. communist);  red light (traffic);  red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading);  (in) the red
 river;  stream;  River;  the ... river
 let me humbly say;  most humbly;  with all due respect
 to think, feel, consider, know, etc.
 to be unable to;  to find difficult (unpleasant, awkward, painful) to do;  to serve two or more functions or roles simultaneously;  to contain (or combine) two or more features;  to work in two or more jobs simultaneously (positions, etc.);  to do alongside
 infancy;  childhood;  tender age
 (approximate) time;  around;  suitable time (or condition);  time of year;  season
 than;  from;  out of;  except;  but;  more
 what;  you-know-what;  that thing;  whatsit;  whachamacallit;  (not) at all;  (not) in the slightest
 to leave (in someone's keeping);  to put (in someone's care);  to put (someone) in charge of;  to leave (a matter) in someone's hands;  to lean on;  to put one's weight on
 that being the case;  because of ...;  the reason is ...;  given that ...
 abandoned child;  foundling
 indicates a question;  or;  whether or not;  some- (e.g. something, someone);  hmm;  huh;  very