indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
1000 ri; (a) long distance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
suffix for familiar person
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
lily (Lilium spp.); yuri; genre of comics and novels about female homosexuality
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
in that way; thus; so; so?
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
diligently; seriously; perfectly; properly; sufficiently; satisfactorily
photograph; photo; picture; moving picture; movie
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing