indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
lily (Lilium spp.); yuri; genre of comics and novels about female homosexuality
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
pupil; student; schoolchild
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
furnished with; including; attached to; impression; appearance; luck; sociality
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
(not) particularly; (not) especially; (not) specially; separately; apart; additionally
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
to take (a photo); to record (video, audio, etc.); to make (a film)
upper reaches of a river; upstream