indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
uninhabited island; desert island
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
entertainer (esp. in a traditional art); performer; artiste; talented person; accomplished person
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
beautiful woman; (a) beauty
model; dummy; model (profession); fashion model; model (of a vehicle, machine, etc.); version; model (e.g. mathematical)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
drum (e.g. oil, gasoline); metal barrel
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
latter period; second half; late stage; third trimester; second semester
being very active; being very useful; playing a very active part; making a spectacular showing; great efforts; splendid work
festival; feast; harassment by an Internet pitchfork mob; online shaming; galore (as in "goals galore"); frenzy
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
devil; demon; Satan; the Devil; Māra; evil spirits or forces that hinder one's path to enlightenment
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
definitely; absolutely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
meeting; assembly; party; society; association; club
ship; boat; tank; tub; counter for boat-shaped containers (e.g. of sashimi)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
absolutely; unconditionally; never (with neg. verb)
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
time; hour; period; class
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
concerning; regarding; per (e.g. 100 yen per person); for every
to turn one's head; to look over one's shoulder; to turn around; to think back (on); to reminisce; to look back (on)