indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(some) more; even more; longer; further
small; fine; minute; minor; trivial; sensitive
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to fish; to angle; to catch; to lure in; to tempt; to attract
you; presence (of a god, nobleman, etc.)
moreover; furthermore; nevertheless; and yet
slow; time-consuming; late (in the day); towards the end (of the day or night); later (than expected or usual); late
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
piece; fragment; one (object)
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to this extent; to this degree; this much
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
adds force or indicates command
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
(not) at all; (not) in the slightest; wholly; entirely; extremely; very
to decrease (in size or number); to diminish; to abate
nonexistent; not being (there); not having; not
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.); to face (e.g. east) (of a building, window, etc.); to look out on; to point (of an arrow, compass needle, etc.); to be suited to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to speak distinctly; to speak clearly; to put it bluntly; to get to the point; to be frank
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
better; preferable; more; increase; (arch.) increase; (arch.) growth