bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
sound of the wind; voice of the wind
sound of footsteps; sense or sign that something is approaching
precisely; exactly; plumb; damn; stupid; cursed
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
foot; paw; leg; gait; pace; bottom structural component (i.e. radical) of a kanji; means of transportation
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
to cut; to cut through; to sever (connections, ties); to turn off (e.g. the light); to terminate (e.g. a conversation); to hang up (the phone); to punch (a ticket)
injury; wound; mistake; accident; loss
cruel; heartless; violent; intense; very bad; terrible
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
shoe sore; foot blister (caused by shoes)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
canteen; flask; water bottle; thermos
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
to run along; to run beside; to follow (a policy, plan, etc.); to act in accordance with; to meet (wishes, expectations, etc.); to satisfy
wrong; not good; hopeless; past hope; must not do
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to drink; to gulp; to smoke (tobacco); to engulf; to overwhelm; to keep down; to suppress
skillful; skilful; delicious; appetizing; fortunate; splendid
to cut (grass, hair, etc.); to mow; to clip; to trim; to prune; to shear
now; the present time; just now; another; more
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
saying "Ah!"; making one say "Ah!"; surprisingly; astonishingly
on the occasion of; circumstances; juncture
than; other than; except; but
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o