a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
in order; in turn; one by one
wheat; barley; oat (oats)
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
darn it!; darn!; oops!; oh dear!; oh no!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
another (person); the other person; one more (person)
on and after; as from; hereafter; thereafter; since
single; simple; singles (tennis, badminton, etc.); win bet (bet which predicts the winner of a race)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
older sister; lass; young lady
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to talk; to chat; to chatter
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
(emotional) tension; anxiety; (highness of) spirits; (good) mood; tension; tensile strength
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
in that way; thus; so; so?
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
in comparison to; rather than
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
half; biracial person (esp. half-Japanese); person of mixed parentage