truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
purpose; goal; aim; objective; intention; motive
(art of) fencing; swordsmanship
private regulations; bylaws; internal rules; tradition
each (feudal) domain; each fief
group; faction; (political) faction; wing; school (of thought, painting, etc.); sect
opinion; view; comment; scolding; reprimand; rebuke
to exchange (messages, greetings, arguments, etc.); to intersect; to cross; ... with one another; ... to each other
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly; actually
meeting; assembly; association; conjunction
shamisen; samisen; three-stringed Japanese lute
the Tiger (third sign of the Chinese zodiac); hour of the Tiger (around 4am, 3-5am, or 4-6am); east-northeast; first month of the lunar calendar
shellfish; seashell; shell
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
yen (currency of Japan); circle
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
eye; eyes; sight; vision; looking
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
it is I who should say so
nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?
in the same way; like; likewise; similarly
han (estate of a daimyo in the Edo and early Meiji periods); feudal domain; fief; province
to spread; to propagate; to popularize; to broaden; to extend; to widen
running about; making every effort (to do); busying oneself (with); being busily engaged (in); good offices; efforts
people; (all) persons; everyone; (arch.) you (usu. plural)
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
woman; female; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
unwillingly; reluctantly; grudgingly; shaking one's head in refusal (like a child)
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
Chōshū; (former) Nagato Province
katsura (Cercidiphyllum japonicum); Japanese Judas tree
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr