jpdb beta

splendid horse; promoted bishop

24

everyone; everybody; all; everything; all

5

to falter; to flinch (from); to recoil (from); to quail (at)

2

don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...

4

Keiō era (1865.4.7-1868.9.8)

3

year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)

2

June; sixth month of the lunar calendar

1

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

115

only; merely; but; no more than

1

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

134

head; chief; merit; strong point; superiority; major

9

state (US, Australia, India, Germany, etc.); province (e.g. Canada); continent; (arch.) dear

9

army; armed forces; military authorities; team; group

6

together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)

2

battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict

1

10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various

2

bakufu; shogunate

22

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

93

repulse; repelling (e.g. the enemy); driving back

1

indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)

138

then; well; so; be; is

66

outside daimyo; non-Tokugawa daimyo; outsider; one not included in the favored (favoured) group

1

one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start

1

feudal domain (Edo and early Meiji periods, precursor to current prefectures); fiefdom; province

14

like; as if; the same as

1

at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for

74

to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)

3

there is no way that ...; easy; simple

3

war; battle; campaign; (arch.) troops; (arch.) forces

11

now; soon; already; yet; further; more

7

this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence

7

to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)

8

scissors (in rock-paper-scissors)

1

I'll; let's; probably

1

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

31

will not do; do not; does not

3

at; in; at; when; by; with; and then

28

how; in what way; by what means

1

to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up

1

intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation

1

restoration of imperial rule

6

argument; discussion; theory (e.g. of evolution); doctrine; essay; treatise

1

(political) administration; political power

5

give up; relinquish; serve up; let loose

2

be; is

14

finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)

4

road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)

3

to find out; to discover; to select; to pick out; to look out (from the inside); to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)

1

(arch.) indicates emphasis, intention, etc.; indicates emphasis, intention, etc.

14

(sound of a) gunshot; (gun) report

2