to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
katsura (Cercidiphyllum japonicum); Japanese Judas tree
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
report; notification; registration
splendid horse; promoted bishop
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this time; now; next time; another time; recently; lately
it is ... that ...; precisely; although; while; it is precisely because ... that ...; only because ...
to prepare oneself (for the worst); to resolve oneself
to burn; to roast; to broil; to heat; to heat up; to make (charcoal, pottery, bricks, etc.); to bake
understanding; comprehension
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
gun; firearm; small arms (e.g. rifle, pistol, etc)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
Chōshū; (former) Nagato Province
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
Satsuma (former province located in the west of present-day Kagoshima Prefecture); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
to buy; to purchase; to value (highly); to think highly of; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers)
pluralizing suffix; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc.; nominalizing suffix
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to obtain; to get; to procure; to win; to secure
orpiment (yellow mineral, or the pigment derived from it); gamboge (tree resin, or the dull yellow pigment derived from it); falsification; alteration
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
success; achievement; succeeding (in life); (worldly) success; prosperity
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
please; if you would; somehow or other; one way or another; whether (or not); if
to join hands; to join forces; to work in cooperation; to link up; to partner with
this (very thing); this precisely
ordinary; common; free of charge; free; unaffected; as is