indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to desire; to want; to expect (of someone); to hope for; to see; to command (a view of)
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
direction; way; person; lady; method of; manner of; care of ...
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
Bunkyū era (1861.2.19-1864.2.20)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
25th day of the month; 25 days
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
in the mountains; within the grounds of a temple
official; governmental; public (use, matter, forum, etc.); common; being public knowledge; being out in the open
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
implementation (e.g. of a system); materialization; materialisation; realization; realisation; actualization
to do completely; to do accidentally; to do without meaning to; to happen to do
like; as; so that; in order that; be sure to; I hope (that)
previously; already; beforehand; in advance; for some time
excessive; unmerited; generous; past participle
to set off to advantage; to bring into prominence; to support; to favor; to rouse (spirits); to march (a prisoner) off
to know; to be aware (of); to be acquainted (with); to think; to consider; to believe
to offer; to present; to set someone up in a high position; to revere at a distance; to do respectfully
face; mask; face guard; striking the head (in kendo); surface (esp. a geometrical surface); page; aspect
to raise; to elevate; to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf); to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage); to show someone (into a room)
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); still; all the same; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")
non-commissioned officer; low-ranking samurai (Edo period)
while; during; while; although; all; both
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
han (estate of a daimyo in the Edo and early Meiji periods); feudal domain; fief; province
steering (a boat); helmsman; steersman; guidance; leadership; leader
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
not ... for nothing; not ... with nothing to show for it; worthwhile; no wonder ...
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
daring; fearless; intrepid; bold; tough
(facial) expression (esp. fierce, fearless, sinister, etc.); look
to be sorry; to beg someone's pardon; to be much obliged; to be grateful; to be amazed; to be greatly impressed
to be; to come; to go; to be (doing)