bogwood; bog oak; obscurity; fig
festive poem or song; congratulatory form (of waka)
very rude; very insolent; extremely reprehensible; outrageous
eventful times for the nation (world); the nation (world) being in turmoil; the storm clouds gathering in the land
Matsudaira Yoshinaga (1828-1890)
to write to; to send word to; to hand over (official business)
to be well-timed; to be timely; to be opportune
disobeying the emperor's order
The Treaty of Amity and Commerce (July 29, 1858); Japan-US Friendship and Trade Treaty
policeman; cop; walking in a circle (dog trick); (arch.) rounds (doctor, police beat, etc.); (arch.) vegetables that accompany rice (secret language of court ladies)
commoner; patriot; humble subject; late Edo period commoner opposition movement (mid-18th century to mid-19th century)
Ii Naosuke (1815-1860.3.24)
the n-th generation head of a family
deep pool; deep water; abyss; depths (e.g. of despair, etc.); grip (e.g. of death)
pine, bamboo and plum (an auspicious grouping); high, middle and low (ranking); top, middle and bottom; upper, medium, lower
to support; to back up; to revive (e.g. a company); to boost (e.g. morale); to bring up; to raise
troops outfitted with red armor (Sengoku and Edo periods)
revere the Emperor; expel the western barbarians (19th century slogan)
to return (something); to restore; to turn over; to turn upside down; to pay back; to retaliate; to respond (with)
dissent; disagreement; disapproval; objection; refusal